William de TURVILLE ^{1, 2}-T2702 # was born about 1215 in Weston Turville, Buckinghamshire.

Sir William de LONGESPÉE 3rd Earl of Salisbury [Parents]-L2804 # was born about 1176. He died on 07/07 Mar 1225/1226 in Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was buried in Salisbury Cathedral (Effigy). Sir married Ela de FITZ PATRICK Countess of Salisbury-F2801 # about 1198.

William de Longespée, jure uxoris 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. 1176 – March 7, 1226) was an English noble, primarily remembered for his command of the English forces at the Battle of Damme and for remaining loyal to King John.

He was an illegitimate son of Henry II of England. His mother was unknown for many years, until the discovery of a charter of William mentioning "Comitissa Ida, mater mea" (engl. "Countess Ida, my mother")[2] [3]

This Ida was further identified as the wife of Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk [4].

King Henry acknowledged William as his son and gave him the Honour of Appleby, Lincolnshire in 1188. Ten years later, his half-brother, King Richard I, married him to a great heiress, Ela, countess of Salisbury in her own right, and daughter of William of Salisbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury.

He was with King Richard I in Normandy, 1196-98, and was present at John's coronation 27 May 1199. He served as Sheriff of Wiltshire from 1199-1202, 1203-1207, and from 1215 until his death.

In 1202 he was on a diplomatic mission to France, one of an escort of Llewelyn to a meeting with King John at Worcester in 1204, escorted William the Lion, King of Scots, to his meeting with King John at York in Nov 1206, and headed an embassy in Mar 1209 to the prelates and princes of Germany. He was keeper of the castle of Avranches in 1204, Keeper of the March of Wales in 1209, keeper of Dover Castle, and accompanied the King in his expedition to Ireland in 1210.

He was a commander in the king's Welsh and Irish expeditions of 1210-1212. The king also granted him the honour of Eye.

In May 1213, Salisbury led a large fleet to Flanders, where he seized or destroyed a good part of a French invasion fleet anchored at or near Damme. This ended the invasion threat but not the conflicts between England and France. In 1214, Salisbury was sent to help Otto IV of Germany, an English ally, who was invading France. Salisbury commanded the right wing of the army at their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Bouvines, where he was captured, his release being negotiated in Feb 1214/15.

By the time he returned to England, revolt was brewing amongst the barons. Salisbury was one of the few who remained loyal to John. In the civil war that took place the year after the signing of the Magna Carta, Salisbury was one of the leaders of the king's army in the south. However, after the French prince Louis (later Louis VIII) landed as an ally of the rebels, Salisbury went over to his side. Presumably, he thought John's cause was lost.

He served as sheriff of Somerset and Devon 1216-17, and received a grant of Sherborne Castle and the co. of Somerset in that same year. He was with the Earl Marshal at the relief of Lincoln, and with Hubert de Burgh in the victory over the French fleet off Thanet, and was one of the guarantors of the truce with Louis at Lambeth. In Oct 1223, he was with the King in the successful expedition against Llewelyn, and in 1224 was keeper of the castles of Bridgnorth and Shrewsbury, as well as Sheriff of Salop and Staffordshire 1223-24.

After John's death and the departure of Louis, Salisbury, along with many other barons, joined the cause of John's young son, now Henry III of England. He held an influential place in the government during the king's minority and fought in Gascony to help secure the remaining part of the English continental possessions. Salisbury's ship was nearly lost in a storm while returning to England in 1225, and he spent some months in refuge at a monastery on the French island of Ré. He died not long after his return to England at Salisbury Castle. Roger of Wendover alleged that he was poisoned by Hubert de Burgh. He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.

William de Longespee's tomb was opened in 1791. Bizarrely, the well-preserved corpse of a rat which carried traces of arsenic [5], was found inside his skull. The rat is now on display in a case at the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum.

References

  1. http://perso.numericable.fr/briantimms/rolls/charlesF01.htm
  2. ed. London, Vera C. M. (1979). Cartulary of Bradenstoke Priory. Devizes: Wiltshire Record Society Publications. xxxv.
   3. Reed, Paul C. (2002), "Countess Ida, Mother of William Longespée, Illegitimate Son of Henry II", The American Genealogist 77 (2002): 137
   4. Phair, Raymond W. (2002), "William Longespée, Ralph Bigod, and Countess Ida", The American Genealogist 77 (2002): 279–281
   5. "Salisbury Cathedral".
  6. Weis, Frederick Lewis. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700. Lines 30–26, 31–26, 33A–27, 108–28, 122–28 & 122A–28.

Ela de FITZ PATRICK Countess of Salisbury [Parents]-F2801 # died on 24 Aug 1261 in Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire. Ela married Sir William de LONGESPÉE 3rd Earl of Salisbury-L2804 # about 1198.

Following the death of her husband, Ela was required to surrender Salisbury in Mar 1225/26, but the County of Wiltshire was granted her "during her pleasure" 22 Jan 1226/27. She founded Lacock Abbey 1229 where she took the veil in 1238, and was Abbess, 1240-57.

Henry d' ANJOU King Henry II of England [Parents]-A2903 # was born on 05 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, France. He died on 06 Jul 1189 in Chinon, Anjou, France. He was buried in Fontevraud Abbey, near Chinon in Anjou, France. Henry married Ida de TOESNY-T2901 # in (they did not marry, she was a mistress of King H.

Other marriages:

AQUITAINE, Duchess Eleanor d'

Reigned 1154-1189. He ruled an empire that stretched from the Tweed to the Pyrenees. In spite of frequent hostitilties with the French King his own family and rebellious Barons (culminating in the great revolt of 1173-74) and his quarrel with Thomas Becket, Henry maintained control over his possessions until shortly before his death. His judicial and administrative reforms which increased Royal control and influence at the expense of the Barons were of great constitutional importance. Introduced trial by Jury. Duke of Normandy.

Ida de TOESNY-T2901 #. Ida married Henry d' ANJOU King Henry II of England-A2903 # in (they did not marry, she was a mistress of King H.

Other marriages:

BIGOD, Roger 2nd Earl of Norfolk

Ida de Tosny was a royal ward and mistress of King Henry II, by whom she was mother of a young son William de Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury) (b c. 1176- 7th March 1226). Ida's ancestry was unknown for many years, but a charter by her eldest (illegitimate) son refers to his mother as the "Countess Ida" which pins her down to the wife of Roger Bigod. For Ida's ancestry, see "Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage: Volume 9: Summary" and Marc Morris's The Bigod Earls of Norfolk in the Thirteenth Century

William de FITZ PATRICK 2nd Earl of Salisbury-F2901 #.

Roger BIGOD 2nd Earl of Norfolk-B2904 was born in From 1144 to 1150. He died in 1221. Roger married Ida de TOESNY-T2901 # in Dec 1181.

Roger Bigod (c. 1144/1150 – 1221) was the son of Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk and his first wife, Juliana de Vere. Although his father died in 1176 or 1177, Roger did not succeed to the earldom of Norfolk until 1189 for his claim had been disputed by his stepmother for her sons by Earl Hugh in the reign of Henry II. Richard I confirmed him in his earldom and other honours, and also sent him as an ambassador to France in the same year. Roger inherited his father's office as royal steward. He took part in the negotiations for the release of Richard from prison, and after the king's return to England became a justiciar.

In most of the years of the reign of King John, the earl was frequently with the king or on royal business. Yet Roger was to be one of the leaders of the baronial party which obtained John's assent to Magna Carta, and his name and that of his son and heir Hugh II appear among the twenty-five barons who were to ensure the king's adherence to the terms of that document. The pair were excommunicated by the pope in December 1215, and did not make peace with the regents of John's son Henry III until 1217.

Around Christmas 1181 Roger married Ida, apparently Ida de Tosny (or Ida de Toesny), and by her had a number of children including:

  1. Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk who married in 1206/ 1207 a daughter of William Marshal
  2. William Bigod
  3. Ralph Bigod
  4. Roger Bigod
  5. Margery, married William de Hastings
  6. Mary Bigod, married Ralph fitz Robert

Many historians, including Marc Morris have speculated that the couple had a third daughter, Alice, who married Aubrey de Vere IV,Earl of Oxford as his second wife. If so, the marriage would have been well within the bounds of consanguinity, for the couple would have been quite closely related, a daughter of the second earl of Norfolk being first cousin once removed to the second earl of Oxford.

Ida de TOESNY-T2901 #. Ida married Roger BIGOD 2nd Earl of Norfolk-B2904 in Dec 1181.

Other marriages:

ANJOU, Henry d' King Henry II of England

Ida de Tosny was a royal ward and mistress of King Henry II, by whom she was mother of a young son William de Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury) (b c. 1176- 7th March 1226). Ida's ancestry was unknown for many years, but a charter by her eldest (illegitimate) son refers to his mother as the "Countess Ida" which pins her down to the wife of Roger Bigod. For Ida's ancestry, see "Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage: Volume 9: Summary" and Marc Morris's The Bigod Earls of Norfolk in the Thirteenth Century

Sir William de ODDINGSELES ¹-O2701 #. Sir married Joan.

Joan. Joan married Sir William de ODDINGSELES-O2701 #.

Henry de AUDLEY-A2704 # was born about 1175. Henry married Bertred MAINWARING-M2702 #.

Lord of the Welsh Marches,governor of Carmarthen castle and Cardigan Castle, Sheriff of Salop and Staffordshire from 1216 until 1221, constable of Shrewsbury Castle and Bridgnorth Castle,Governor of Shrewsbury, Chester Castle and Beeston Castle, governor of Newcastle-under-Lyne.

Bertred MAINWARING-M2702 #. Bertred married Henry de AUDLEY-A2704 #.

Madog ap MAREDUDD [Parents] ¹-M2902 # died about 09 Feb 1160 in Whittington Castle, Wales. He was buried in the church of St. Tysilio at Meifod, the mother church of Powys.

Madog ap Maredudd (died 1160) was the last Prince of the entire Kingdom of Powys, Wales and for a time held the Fitzalan Lordship of Oswestry. He was the son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn and grandson of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn. He followed his father on the throne of Powys in 1132. He is recorded as taking part in the Battle of Lincoln in 1141 in support of the Earl of Chester, along with Owain Gwynedd's brother Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd and a large army of Welshmen. In 1149 he is recorded giving the commote of Cyfeiliog to his nephews Owain Cyfeiliog and his brother Meurig. The same year Madog was able to rebuild Oswestry castle a fortress of William Fitzalan. It would seem likely that he had gained both the fortresses of Oswestry and Whittington in 1146.

At this time the King of Gwynedd, between 1149 to 1150, Owain Gwynedd was exerting pressure on the borders of Powys, despite the fact that Madog was married to Susanna, Owain's sister. Madog made an alliance with Ranulf, Earl of Chester, but Owain defeated them at Coleshill in 1150 and took possession of Madog's lands in Iâl (English="Yale"]. In 1157 when King Henry II of England invaded Gwynedd he was supported by Madog, who was able to regain many of his Welsh lands. Even so he retained the lordships of Oswestry and Whittington. In 1159 Madog would seem to have been the Welsh prince who accompanied King Henry II in his campaign to Toulouse which ended in failure. Returning home to Wales Madog died about 9 February 1160 in Whittington Castle. He was buried soon afterwards in the church of St. Tysilio at Meifod, the mother church of Powys.

Madog's eldest son, Llywelyn, was killed soon after his father's death and Powys was shared between a number of sons and nephews, with Madog's nephew Owain Cyfeiliog inheriting the south (see Powys Wenwynwyn) and his son Gruffydd Maelor I who inherited the north.. Powys was never subsequently reunited, being separated into two parts; Powys Fadog (Lower Powys) and Powys Wenwynwyn (Upper Powys). Madog's death enabled Owain Gwynedd to force the homage of Owain Brogyntyn, one of Madog's younger sons, and effectively annex part of northern Powys. The poet Cynddelw Brydydd Mawr in his elegy on Madog said:

   While Madog lived there was no man
   Dared ravage his fair borders
   Yet nought of all he held
   Esteemed he his save by God's might ...

   If my noble lord were alive
   Gwynedd would not now be encamped in the heart of Edeyrnion

Maredudd ap BLEDDYN [Parents] ¹-B3002 # died in 1132.

Maredudd ap Bleddyn (died 1132) was a prince of Powys in eastern Wales.

Maredudd was the son of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn who was king of both Powys and Gwynedd. When Bleddyn was killed in 1075, Powys was divided between his three sons, Iorwerth, Cadwgan and Maredudd.

Maredudd initially appears to have been the least powerful and the least mentioned in the chronicles. The three brothers held their lands as vassals of Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury. In 1102 the Earl was summoned to answer charges at the court of King Henry I of England and responded by rising in rebellion against the king. All three brothers initially supported Robert and took up arms on his behalf, pillaging Staffordshire. The king deputed William Pantulf to detach Iorwerth, who was considered to be the most powerful of the three brothers, from his alliance with Robert and his own brothers by the promise of large gifts of land. William succeeded in this, and Iorwerth, after leading a large Welsh force to help the king defeat and banish Earl Robert, then captured his brother Maredudd and handed him over to the king.

Maredudd escaped from captivity in 1107 but did not gain any real power. In 1113 he was apparently acting as penteulu or captain of the guard to his nephew, Owain ap Cadwgan who had taken over as prince of Powys. In this capacity in 1113 Maredudd was able to capture Madog ap Rhiryd, who had killed two of his brothers, Iorwerth and Cadwgan in 1111. Maredudd sent him to Owain, who took vengeance for the killing of his father by blinding Madog.

In 1114 when King Henry I of England invaded Wales, Maredudd quickly made his peace with him, while Owain allied himself with Gruffydd ap Cynan of Gwynedd to oppose the invasion. It was not until Owain was killed in 1116 that Maredudd began to strengthen his position and became ruler of Powys. In 1116 he is recorded as sending 400 men to help Hywel ab Ithel, who ruled Rhos and Rhufoniog under the protection of Powys, against his neighbours, the sons of Owain ab Edwin of Dyffryn Clwyd. Hywel won a victory at the battle of Maes Maen Cymro, near Ruthin, but received wounds of which he died six weeks later. This enabled the sons of Gruffydd ap Cynan to annex these lands for Gwynedd, with Maredudd unable to prevent them.

In 1121 Maredudd carried out raids on Cheshire which provoked King Henry into invading Powys. Maredudd retreated into Snowdonia and asked Gruffydd ap Cynan for assistance. However Gruffydd was in no mood to defy the king on Maredudd's behalf, and Maredudd had to purchase peace at a cost of a fine of 10,000 head of cattle. Gwynedd continued to put pressure on Powys, with the sons of Gruffydd ap Cynan, Cadwallon and Owain Gwynedd annexing more territory in 1124. Cadwallon was killed in a battle with the men of Powys near Llangollen in 1132 which put a halt to further encroachment for the time being. Maredudd did not take part in this battle and died the same year, remembered by the annalist of Brut y Tywysogion as the beauty and safety of all Powys and her defender. He was succeeded by his son, Madog ap Maredudd.

Bleddyn ap CYNFYN Prince of Gwynedd and of Powys [Parents] ¹-C3101 # died in 1075.

Bleddyn ap Cynfyn (died 1075) was a Prince of the Welsh Kingdoms of Gwynedd and of Powys.

Bleddyn was the son of Princess Angharad ferch Maredudd (of the Dinefwr dynasty of Deheubarth) with her second husband Cynfyn ap Gwerstan, a Powys Lord, about whom little is now known. He may have been son of an English Saxon - the name has been postulated as being derived from Werestan.

His mother Angharad was previously widow of Llywelyn ap Seisyll and also mother of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn.

Bleddyn was married to Hear of Powys.

When Gruffydd ap Llywelyn was killed by his own men after being defeated by the Saxon Harold Godwinson in 1063, his realm was divided among several Welsh Princes. Bleddyn and his brother Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn, as half brothers to Gruffudd succeeded to his lands but first as vassals and allies of the Saxon King of England, Edward the Confessor and then submitted to Harold and from him received Gwynedd and Powys.

They continued Gruffudd's policy of allying to the Mercian Saxons to resist the threat from William the Conqueror.

In 1067 Bleddyn and Rhiwallon joined with the Mercian Eadric the Wild in an attack on the Normans at Hereford, ravaged the lands as far as the River Lugg then in 1068 allied with Earl Edwin of Mercia and Earl Morcar of Northumbria in another attack on the Normans.

Bleddyn was challenged by the two sons of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, but defeated them at the battle of Mechain in 1070, one being killed and the other dying of exposure after the battle. Bleddyn's brother Rhiwallon was also killed in this battle, Bleddyn emerging as the only one of the four to survive the bloody encounter and he ruled Gwynedd and Powys alone until his death.

In 1073 Robert of Rhuddlan stealthily established his forces on the banks of the River Clwyd and attempted to ambush and capture Bleddyn, narrowly failing but seizing valuable booty from the raids further south.

He was killed in 1075 by Rhys ab Owain of Deheubarth and the nobility of Ystrad Tywi in South Wales, a killing which caused much shock throughout Wales.

When Rhys ab Owain was defeated in arms at the Battle of Goodwick and forced to become a fugitive by Bleddyn's cousin and successor as King of Gwynedd, Trahaearn ap Caradog in 1078 and killed by Caradog ap Gruffydd of Gwent shortly afterwards, this was hailed as "vengeance for the blood of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn".

Bleddyn is said in the Brut y Tywysogion to have been a benevolent ruler:  "the most lovable and the most merciful of all kings ... he was civil to his relatives, generous to the poor, merciful to pilgrims and orphans and widows and a defender of the weak ...". and      "the mildest and most clement of kings" and he "did injury to none, save when insulted.... openhanded to all, terrible in war, but in peace beloved."

He was responsible for a revision of Welsh law in the version used in Gwynedd. After his death Gwynedd was seized by Trahaearn ap Caradog and later recovered for the line of Rhodri the Great by Gruffydd ap Cynan, but in Powys Bleddyn was the founder of a dynasty which lasted until the end of the 13th century.